IFLA Virtual Events: All right, I think we are starting right on time it's nine o'clock Hello everyone and welcome this is actually the first.
IFLA Virtual Events: webinar in the health and bio sciences library section of effortless info dimmick management series we're very excited about this webinar series and our first webinar in particular.
IFLA Virtual Events: The title is preparing an information workforce to address health information i'm bethany mcallen I am the Chair of the.
IFLA Virtual Events: Health and bio sciences library section for this year and I will be moderating today's panel i'd like to start by introducing our panelists.
IFLA Virtual Events: Up first we have Dr Deborah charbonneau she's an associate professor in the school of information sciences at Wayne State University in Detroit Michigan USA.
IFLA Virtual Events: Deborah completed her PhD in sociology at Wayne State University and she holds a master of library science degree from the University of.
IFLA Virtual Events: Pittsburgh her research interests include health literacy digital health privacy and accessibility issues she currently teaches courses and health informatics information policy, research methods and library management and leadership we also have Dr.
IFLA Virtual Events: site a believes a day hoggy she is an assistant professor in the school of La medical sciences at she heat the head to university of medical sciences to rain Irian.
IFLA Virtual Events: cited completed her PhD and information and health information management at shade big University of medical sciences and she holds a master library science from the University.
IFLA Virtual Events: Her research areas include online health information credibility E health literacy digital health and health information seeking behavior.
IFLA Virtual Events: She currently teaches courses and health information databases information resources management medical reference databases information systems and library management and leadership.
IFLA Virtual Events: We also have Dr Ari has to have principal lecturer at the signer yogi University of applied sciences Finland his research areas include.
IFLA Virtual Events: Heikki comare phenomenon hate speech information behavior and criminal activities on the dark web he currently teaches information retrieval and information seeking and everyday life situations.
IFLA Virtual Events: And our fourth panelist is Dr Octavia Maj she's an associate professor and PhD supervisor and information and communication sciences at the University of Bucharest.
IFLA Virtual Events: And she also works as a surgeon, for her second specialty at the oncology institute Bucharest Romania.
IFLA Virtual Events: She completed a PhD in knowledge management at the University of Bucharest and a PhD in surgery at the carry the Villa University of medicine and pharmacy Bucharest.
IFLA Virtual Events: She teaches courses and knowledge management information users information science and information behavior or current research interests include communication in health care and health information behavior.
IFLA Virtual Events: And our fifth panelist is Dr diane Pennington University of strength applied Glasgow Scotland she's a senior lecturer and information science and the course director for the msc.
IFLA Virtual Events: PG dip in information and library studies and the Department of computer and information sciences at the University of strathclyde.
IFLA Virtual Events: she's a member of the strathclyde high school research group, in which she leaves the information engagement research area and belongs to the interactive information retrieval.
IFLA Virtual Events: Research barium she also belongs to the digital health and wellness research group, and she holds an Ms and a PhD and information science from the school of library and information science is.
IFLA Virtual Events: Now, the College of information at the University of North Texas, and she earned a PG dip and academic practice from the University of strathclyde.
IFLA Virtual Events: Those are our panelists and i'm going to actually start with a few sort of housekeeping things this presentation is being recorded a link will be posted to the edge.
IFLA Virtual Events: The health and bio sciences libraries web page soon we also the panelists have agreed to share their presentations so links to the presentation and the webinar will be available on our website.
IFLA Virtual Events: We ask that you use the chat function for comments and then use that Q amp a section for.
IFLA Virtual Events: Any questions that you have so if you go a sort of hover at the bottom of your screen there's a chat icon please use that for any comments.
IFLA Virtual Events: And then use the Q amp a logo for any questions that you have all of our questions will be held to the end of the presentation, where the panelists will leave about 15 or 20 minutes to answer questions.
IFLA Virtual Events: And that is actually it i'm going to turn things over to Dr charbonneau and she can get started, for us, thank you and welcome again.
Deborah Charobonneau: Thank you, I am camera short window and i'm very pleased to have this opportunity to talk with you today.
Deborah Charobonneau: The topic of my presentation is the retraction of published research and overall my goal is to highlight the importance of educating students about retracted publications and, in particular, misleading or unreliable information from flood studies.
Deborah Charobonneau: here's the brief agenda for my presentation, first, I will start off with an overview of retracted articles and then I will share a high profile example with you.
Deborah Charobonneau: about other retraction and discuss the consequences of unreliable or misinformation from flood studies, by the way, I will share some recommendations for how we can increase student awareness of retracted publications.
Deborah Charobonneau: So provide some context.
Deborah Charobonneau: research findings disseminated through peer reviewed publications.
Deborah Charobonneau: In the scientific literature help people to make important decisions, and this can include clinicians policymakers, researchers and patients as well.
Deborah Charobonneau: Yet the number of retracted scholarly publications continues to rise steadily and retractions can be found across many disciplines.
Deborah Charobonneau: This underscores the need for more transparency and research and publication practices and educating students about retractions provides insight into the research of publication processes.
Deborah Charobonneau: it's also important for students to understand how unreliable and misleading information can originate in retracted publications.
Deborah Charobonneau: So let's start by defining what we mean by a retraction.
Deborah Charobonneau: Even when a journal has a peer review process in place it's just maybe identify post publication.
Deborah Charobonneau: These concerns can lead to an article being investigated and retracted I should also note to that authors can initiate a retraction, for example, if they have detected an error in their analysis they can also be alert alert the editor and initiate over attraction.
Deborah Charobonneau: So the decision to retract the published studies undertaken to correct the literature and then to ensure scientific integrity.
Deborah Charobonneau: There are a number of international guidelines for editors on how to handle retraction.
Deborah Charobonneau: And i've listed two of the main for movies, there are other groups as well, however, I have highlighted to two committees.
Deborah Charobonneau: And these include the committee on publications ethics and the International Committee of medical journal editors.
Deborah Charobonneau: These policies are intended to advise editors and publishers on the expected publication ethical practices and these guidelines outline.
Deborah Charobonneau: The reasons for of attraction and also the retraction process and this retraction process involves issuing a separate retraction notice that is linked to the article, as well as providing a watermark on the retracted full text article.
Deborah Charobonneau: The reasons for retracted articles can be grouped into three large categories or three broad categories, and these include ethical misconduct scientific errors and publisher issues.
Deborah Charobonneau: Under the ethical misconduct, this could include issues such as plagiarism undeclared conflicts of interests or financial sources and other serious ethical violations such as the lack of ethical approval for a study data fabrication and our image manipulation.
Deborah Charobonneau: under the category scientific errors, these are where the methodological errors where.
Deborah Charobonneau: For example, if there were errors and data analysis or interpretation that result in unreliable conclusions, this would fall under this scientific errors category.
Deborah Charobonneau: And an example will publisher issue would be copyright copyright issues, for example, if a paper reproduces figures that were previously published, but they didn't have copyright permission from the original publisher.
Deborah Charobonneau: So what you see here are a number of reasons that would warrant a retracted article.
Deborah Charobonneau: So let's take a look at one example that led to widespread misinformation about vaccines.
Deborah Charobonneau: One of the most seminal retractions in autism research was in 1998 when The Lancet published research, where the author suggested or alicia alicia friendship between the measles mumps and rubella vaccination and autism.
Deborah Charobonneau: This published study led to widespread vaccination skepticism.
Deborah Charobonneau: And while the study was criticized for the small sample size.
Deborah Charobonneau: and uncontrolled study design and their interpretation of findings, the published study was not retracted by the journal until 2010, so this is 12 years after the original publication.
Deborah Charobonneau: So it's important to know what how many years have passed between the original the original publication date and then, when the articles retracted.
Deborah Charobonneau: So, unfortunately, the Wakefield study continues, have long term influence and consequences, including the avoid the avoidance, the avoidance or delay up timely vaccination so again the point here is that plus studies and misinformation can have important public health consequences.
Deborah Charobonneau: When a retraction of a journal article is issued, it is recommended that the publisher produce a freely available retraction notice and this.
Deborah Charobonneau: This notice should explicitly state the reasons for the retraction and who is initiating that retraction so it could be issued by the publisher the journal or the authors.
Deborah Charobonneau: And what you're seeing here on the screen is, this is an example of retraction notice for the Wakefield article record in the pubmed medline database, so you can see, at the top of the screen, there is a.
Deborah Charobonneau: sort of a banner that says, this is a retracted article, and if you were to click on the retraction notice it would specify the reasons for the retraction and who is initiating the retraction.
Deborah Charobonneau: Also kind of a process is, including a watermark that is visible on the full text article of the retracted article, so this is showing the watermark you can see it, you know in big red letters on the full text of the Wakefield article.
Deborah Charobonneau: Now, not all publishers fully adhere to these guidelines so unfortunately these guidelines do not seem to be well known by all publishers or researchers, which means that misinformation can linger even in the scientific literature.
Deborah Charobonneau: So why is the steady increase in attractions, a problem and how do these retracted articles fit within the overall theme of health misinformation.
Deborah Charobonneau: Well, flood step flooded fabricated studies can be misleading misinformation can result in confusion anxiety and mistrust and also lead to the avoidance or delay of time, the vaccinations or other self protective health behaviors.
Deborah Charobonneau: Also, on a more positive note rejection spotlight issues, and this can be viewed as an opportunity to learn from mistakes and errors and to improve research in the future.
Deborah Charobonneau: If you wanted to locate other examples of retractions perhaps for your own courses or your own instruction, you can search electronic databases.
Deborah Charobonneau: You know, often you can find retractions by using keywords such as retraction are attracted or withdrawn.
Deborah Charobonneau: And there are also different publication filters, depending on the database, so you might want to explore those and there's also a source called retraction watch and I included the URLs at the end of the presentation for some resources for you, but retraction and watch is a fully.
Deborah Charobonneau: it's it's a freely publicly publicly available resource and then might be a good starting point for for students.
Deborah Charobonneau: Okay, so next I will provide some recommendations for how we might increase student awareness retractions.
Deborah Charobonneau: First discussions about only publication process should include retractions and often retractions are missing from this conversation whenever we talk about the scholarly publication process.
Deborah Charobonneau: So the recommendation is to incorporate retractions into into your instruction and this topic is suitable for all audiences all student audiences and all disciplines.
Deborah Charobonneau: You can use examples of retracted articles that highlight important issues such as plagiarism research ethics misconduct, and many others.
Deborah Charobonneau: This also teaches students, that the peer review system can be flight, it has limitations and it also teaches students, how to evaluate research studies, through a through a critical lens.
Deborah Charobonneau: You can also create database searching assignments retracted articles and retracted notices to help build students searching skills.
Deborah Charobonneau: This includes searching how to find this information but also helping interpret this information, so this is a good lesson in constructing search strategies.
Deborah Charobonneau: and understanding indexing and the structure of different various databases these assignments well to illustrate the variability and how retracted articles and retraction notices are represented in databases.
Deborah Charobonneau: It will also demonstrate the lack of full adherence to the various publication ethical guidelines and it can also expose some challenges in discovering that retracted status of an article.
Deborah Charobonneau: And you can engage in conversation with students about the accessibility visibility of retracted publications, as well as the implications for various stakeholders.
Deborah Charobonneau: In summary, retracted articles highlight issues of ethical misconduct and scientific errors.
Deborah Charobonneau: Publishing guidance publishing guidelines are available available for how to handle and report retractions whoever, we need better adherence to these guidelines.
Deborah Charobonneau: Flood studies and unreliable conclusions and misinformation have consequences misinformation can linger and it can also continue to spread through post retraction citations and also whenever this information is shared via social media.
Deborah Charobonneau: So, in closing, educating students about retractions is important because we attracted articles provide insight into research and publishing processes and I have shared with you some strategies for educating students, along with some resources, I hope, will be useful.
Deborah Charobonneau: Now this slide has some of the resources that I mentioned, and I will be sharing these slides after the presentation as well, so that you can explore a little bit further.
Deborah Charobonneau: And some of the references to the guidelines that I mentioned.
Deborah Charobonneau: And thank you very much, I will be happy to entertain any questions later on and i've included my email if you wanted to follow up and ask any other questions.
IFLA Virtual Events: Alright Thank you so much Deborah that was very interesting next up, we have.
IFLA Virtual Events: side a can you share your screen and start your presentation, please.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: hi everybody I am so excited about being here today, and thank you very much for inviting me to this event.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: First.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: i'm going to talk about my recent research findings.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: about the prevalence of misinformation and call it 19 over the Internet.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: To do so at first, I think I should define some.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Terms related to this concept.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: The first concept is misinformation that the tell us the following and false information that's sprayed regardless of whether there's intend to mislead and.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: We have also fake neil's term it's a purposefully crafted includes any information and actually this lawyers are created to push a particular.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: political viewpoint cause concerns or panic or, in some instances, make money for companies or individuals, and we have also the term false information that tell us it's incorrect information Okay, and the call it the 19 pounds to make.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: This pandemic actually has been a condom accompanied by a massive inflict damage together, it forms the virtual tsunami of advice that make us hard for people.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: To find clear messages trust forces sources are reliable guidance when they need them some of this information are confusing, but some of them.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: can be actively harmful to life so Infotainment impact citizens in every country.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: In my research, I tried to.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Have a look at the prevalence of what covered 19 misleading information on the Internet industry research.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Among the actually in this research, I tried to explore the prevalence of this kind of information by the user fact checker databases, we use pointer database which unites fact checkers in more than 70 countries 70 countries and includes content published in at least at least 40 languages.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Among the pages examine in three sections of false misleading and bake a total of 1900 99 meals headlines were examined most of that information or false meals and.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Actually, as you can see here see here my.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: screen, most of the misinformation was related to prevention transmission of virus misleading information.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Sorry.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: misleading information on prevention of covered 19 has increased in 2021 in comparison with 2090 to 2020 and also the source of misleading information.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Most of actually the main source of misleading information was social media, as you can see here and.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Actually wireless networks at a great facility looking for people in crisis and the in this slide you can see that the main social networks.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Reading the misleading information we're Facebook at force that 59% and then Twitter respectively actually it's interesting to know that wild is to network self signed an official contract with WHO to prevent spreading of misinformation, but they have not been successful enough and.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: In this progress actually in this process and.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Most of the inflammation or stuff that actually.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: misinformation was related to prevention and transmission and the this classification is based on who have protocol type that you can't find it through their who website and.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: So and disregard I have some suggestions for training students right and fly and contract us misinformation at first.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: I think education on ios literacy skills.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: will be very important in my next slides I will.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Open this topic in a actually in the details, and the second part is education of working with the fact chicken databases and then preparing.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: personal information fact sheets communication skills and also education are utilizing emerging technologies and also education on interaction with WHO.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: At first.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: About as literacy education, I can say that.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Our students marcy learn he has literacy skills which may enable them in the future to be informed health Librarians and heal the Community.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: to learn digital hygiene in the same way that authorities, promote personal hygiene it's already clear that one less thing listen from quality 19 in the fact that he has literacy education before a crisis is hugely valuable.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: And the next was working with fact checking databases actually my research shows that there are approximately 92 fact checking.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Globally, in which, amongst them folks check myth detector and if you are so active in detecting misinformation and code 19 so I suggest that our students should be educated on what our fact checking their submit databases and how to use them efficiently and.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: The next part of education is related to preparing her information fact sheets, I think.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Has Librarians and also health.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: librarianship students should be able to prepare trustful has information fact sheets for library bathrooms by the use of information provided by the trust of organizations such as who.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: And the communication skills is the next one that's very necessary to have a close connection that library veterans during crisis our students should learn this.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Skills and through this, they will be able to add a better contraction with the users and then next part is education on utilizing emerging knowledge is and.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: This is actually very important, for example, our students can use artificial intelligence capacity and.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Actually, this context should be highlighted in medical librarianship courses that that it's marvelous benefits and providing information services, especially during the pandemics.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: And the last one would be interaction, who are students, I think, must be educated to start a road as a connecting hop between credible source of information, such as who and Community members to sort of misinformation.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: usage and its hazardous consequences, and to do so library science Students must learn how to interact with this organization this way.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: They will be able, able to obtain up to date information through who websites and share it with library users and the actually this will prevent the users from using information from incredible websites actually and, finally, I can say.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: A who believes that everyone can help stop this red misleading meals in this way.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: The stock split campaign focuses on identifying and reporting.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Potentially wrong or misleading information as a part of who was effort to address the spread of an accurate and harmful information during the pandemic, so the links for reporting this information and social networks are available through who or website and, as you can see.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: There are nine social networks like that you can.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Directly report the wrong information through their web or websites and it will help our Community to be stay safe during that crisis.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Thank you very much for your attention, and if you have any questions, I will be able, at the end of the session, thank you.
IFLA Virtual Events: Thank you very much that's it that was that was also very interesting and we do have one question and we'll get to it at the end.
IFLA Virtual Events: So, yes please do use that Q amp a feature to ask your questions next up, we have sort of a dual presentation from Dr Ari hazim will be starting it off and then Dr Octavia match will be wrapping it up, so please take it away.
Ari Haasio: Okay, thank you very much amanda good afternoon from Finland or share my screen unfortunately or fortunately you can't see me because my cameras broken.
Ari Haasio: Hope you see the slides Okay, can you see my slides now.
Yes.
IFLA Virtual Events: Well, no, we can't see.
IFLA Virtual Events: Okay, yes, now we can.
Ari Haasio: Okay, fine yeah i'm going to speak about the concepts of inflammation normally we use two concepts which are this information and misinformation, but there are also other concepts which can be used when we speak about inflammation and is it true or not.
Ari Haasio: So knowledge is that is justified true belief play the US to say and that's.
Ari Haasio: What we want the information to be true, there are five types of information.
Ari Haasio: This information misinformation mal information this normative information and normally information.
Ari Haasio: And i'm sure that that two or three of these concepts are very familiar to do for you, but.
Ari Haasio: I think that that these concepts of this nomadic inflammation and normal thing inflammation and also be used when we are doing research from the.
Ari Haasio: covered virus, for example, what kind of information is spread about it, I myself have done some research about the drug sales Internet work than all the other criminal activities and Japanese a common phenomenon.
Ari Haasio: which very much to have this kind of fire this moment is inflammation now it is spread.
Ari Haasio: Over there in the dark web, for example.
Ari Haasio: Okay, this information is information misinformation.
Ari Haasio: That when we I think what this information is, we can say that it's deceptive information like pseudoscience propaganda and so on, and it's deliberately false information and in.
Ari Haasio: The news nowadays, we see a lot of this information.
Ari Haasio: given by some countries, for example, because of the world situation, and then we have miss information which is inaccurate information, it can be partially true.
Ari Haasio: it's quite often incomplete or inaccurate uncertain unclear, ambitious and so on, but the point here is that it's not intended to mislead people.
Ari Haasio: On the other hand, this information is intended to mislead people, and we have used the concept of this information now quite often you're in the last 10 or 15 years but actually it has existed for a long time.
Ari Haasio: And even.
Ari Haasio: During the and syndrome or so on, there was propaganda which was kind of this information so actually it's a very, very old phenomenon.
Ari Haasio: This is Carlos and fishers.
Ari Haasio: table here, and I think that this.
Ari Haasio: is very good, when we analyze what is misinformation and disinformation compared to information So here we have.
Ari Haasio: Why and and so on So yes, no depending on context, on time, this is a very important that inflammation can be.
Ari Haasio: For example, this inflammation in another culture or at another time and.
Ari Haasio: The value of the information changes from a culture to another and from time to another so.
Ari Haasio: For example, what we think is this information.
Ari Haasio: People 400 years ago for that it's not this information and that's because the science, for example.
Ari Haasio: Because ne ne results and so on that's why.
Ari Haasio: it's always this concept, they always.
Ari Haasio: kind of molded the time they are time bounded.
Ari Haasio: mal information on the other hand, it's reconfigured to inflammation and its intention is to harm some someone a person or an institution country, for example, and during the war time, for example, the intention to harm someone and some countries it's it's.
Ari Haasio: it's mal information what is given in those situations so actually it is true, but.
Ari Haasio: The intention by spreading that information is the harm someone like before the elections in many countries molly information is spread if someone has done something stupid.
Ari Haasio: In his or her early years use drugs or so on, and then 30 years passed by.
Ari Haasio: Someone finds that out and spread that information it's true but it's mainly information because it because it harms these people.
Ari Haasio: room worse, for example, sometimes mal information to.
Ari Haasio: Okay.
Ari Haasio: Then we come to this normative a normative inflammation and I have introduced these two.
Ari Haasio: concepts in my dissertation seven years ago, when I studied the information behavior of socially withdrawn also called on, and also known as e commerce in Japanese.
Ari Haasio: And the normal inflammation is something which supports the values in our society and it's equal to maturity his opinion is, for example, a scientific information, information given by the authorities that's normal.
Ari Haasio: Then what is interesting is this this normally the information.
Ari Haasio: It can be illegal, not always, but it can be legal.
Ari Haasio: or it's against the values of the majority, for example, the information given about the vacuum, the vaccinations The anti vaccination inflammation inflammation encouraging to use drugs or information given.
Ari Haasio: In the network, how to grow marijuana, for example, there are plenty of examples and out baby, I will give you examples about these these cases, but the idea is that at this moment in inflammation it's very often it's true.
Ari Haasio: But.
Ari Haasio: You can say that it's something, and we think it's evil or bad or not good for you, and it has consequences we don't support and.
Ari Haasio: it's against our values.
Ari Haasio: That we have to remember, they depends on time and place, what are the values, so this no matter the information.
Ari Haasio: Here in Finland and in another country can be different, on the other hand, hundred years ago, or 50 years ago some information was this normative nowadays it's not anymore.
Ari Haasio: burnett and lori have speaking about.
Ari Haasio: dark knowledge, and this is also related the car related concept to this nomadic information I could speak about it for an hour or two, but unfortunately we don't have time to that.
Ari Haasio: document is now there's, the most important channel, where there is no lack of information is spread different kind of discussing groups forums, and so one, but we have to remember that it's not a new phenomenon.
Ari Haasio: that's always been this normal can information needs to be done via leaflets and so on.
Ari Haasio: Well, here are some references I think i'm running out of five, and I hope that if you want to know more about these concepts and especially this normative information and normal thing inflammation please ask me.
Ari Haasio: Here so so my picture and my contact is a red car ceo@sam.if I, so please email me if you want to comment or ask something, and here in this reference list there's some literature unfortunately one of those.
Ari Haasio: Is in Finnish, but this abstract in English that's motivation, but the other articles or in English, so thank you very much, if you have questions I will answer them.
Ari Haasio: And now I think that Octavia will give us good examples about.
Ari Haasio: These types of information, thank you.
IFLA Virtual Events: We had senior screen and we can't see it so kind of just sharing it again.
Octavia Madge: Okay, I hope we can see it now.
IFLA Virtual Events: No, no, we still can't see it.
Just a second.
My be now.
IFLA Virtual Events: Yes, perfect.
IFLA Virtual Events: You just need to put it into presentation mode.
Yes.
Octavia Madge: Okay, thank you.
Octavia Madge: Hello Hello everyone it's great to join all of you today at this webinar, I would like to thank Deborah for inviting me.
Octavia Madge: Are you know I have been.
Octavia Madge: working.
Octavia Madge: On a study regarding the reasons so expressed by people against the empty covert 19 vaccination or in Romania and feeling and I will try to illustrate.
Octavia Madge: The theory he presented with the examples extracted from a discussion forum in Romania on this topic in the second part of my presentation, I will also mention a few ideas for a course on healthcare communication.
Octavia Madge: normative information can be found on this discussion forum.
Octavia Madge: such as the vaccination can cause the blood clots or getting vaccinated is not safe, because the vaccine is not properly, transported and stone.
Octavia Madge: Plus.
Octavia Madge: required temperature, plus the crowd places where you get vaccinated glossy spend 15 minutes after getting the vaccine with another 1520 people in the same room.
Octavia Madge: Another example of the one that may also be classified as safari or parody according to play all those seven categories of misinformation and disinformation vaccines are not the elixir of life.
Octavia Madge: Is normative information configuring exist in contrast to the normative information configuring example for me, they are not extracted from the post on the forum which I mentioned before disobeying the doctor's order or I believe that vaccination kills people.
Octavia Madge: I selected the more examples for misinformation.
Octavia Madge: As long as the whole population cannot be vaccinated at the same time you strains will keep appearing and then vaccination is useless.
Octavia Madge: or vaccination is an illusion, for getting back to normal life or I came in contact with infected people and nothing happened to me so i'm better protected, that I would be by getting vaccinated.
Octavia Madge: And our last example here politician are taking advantage of the of the prices and attempting to construct totalitarian regimes, I have to say that many posts on this forum, are detail an argument did not only two lines in many cases they refer to scientific studies official figures.
Octavia Madge: As.
Octavia Madge: Examples of this information I selected this one's vaccinated people are the main vector spreading new streets or the vaccine is as effective as the vitamins.
Octavia Madge: On this light example for propaganda.
Octavia Madge: They want to implement us chips, we will grow scales, they will transform us into zombies or antica with 19 vaccination equals five g, or we are being injected with monkey DNA or cheap will be inserted into the veins for which we will be controlled from.
Octavia Madge: America, there are numerous entries of the style and I must say that the debates on this forum, are sometimes confrontational and.
Octavia Madge: Use angry harsh and insulting language with personal attacks, however many times the aggressive ones are not humans against vaccination but those who aren't for vaccination.
Octavia Madge: And we also have more information vaccination is primarily about profit for the pharmaceutical companies.
Octavia Madge: or no one assume is the responsibility in the event of an incident you sign that you voluntarily accept risk by getting vaccinated and this raises serious concerns about the vaccine.
Octavia Madge: So how can we prepare students to combat health misinformation, of course, we can do this only through education.
Octavia Madge: We must educate them so that they, in turn, can educate the public, either as library information science.
Octavia Madge: Specialist or as a journalist, or as a specialist in communication or absence of education, lack of the skills necessary for accessing correct information for checking the information, all these little miss information.
Octavia Madge: Being with this costs.
Octavia Madge: The idea of a course on healthcare communication, which I hope it will be included in the journalism and communication sciences school Program.
Octavia Madge: I will tell you about this proposal, including a few details, so what students should learn, of course, the connection know with strategies.
Octavia Madge: To combat health misinformation, we do not currently offer a course at the library information science department from the University of Bucharest that focuses on educating students about miss information or health misinformation and actually.
Octavia Madge: There has never been an undergraduate or master's program in Romania ain't that future specialist been helpful or medical libraries, we only have a general library information science program and those who get a job in health library specialize on the job.
Octavia Madge: Perhaps you teach advanced components of these poses for your students in your countries but.
Octavia Madge: I will not present what I believe would be beneficial to cover in such a course for our students in Romania for the context of Romania.
Octavia Madge: And I will refer only two three aspects, the importance of health literacy in combating misinformation terminology.
Octavia Madge: We should pay attention to the terminology using communication, since it can help us decide how reliable that information or that communication is and people should be taught, so that they can make healthcare decisions based on scientific evidence, things are different than.
Octavia Madge: They are perceived differently depending on the region, the culture of the place the level of education.
Octavia Madge: The healthy to see of people and in order to highlight the importance and the need for health literacy, I would like to bring to your attention some results from a study regarding the reason this list outbreak in Romania, which I conducted together we call it.
Octavia Madge: The Romanian authorities have recently had to deal with a lot of vaccination refusals for children.
Octavia Madge: Most of the situations of this kinda are related to lack of health literacy and reliable healthcare information in Romania, the low range of vaccination is also based on a series of superstitions and make indoors why the population well among the reasons against the.
Octavia Madge: measles vaccination in Romania, our research linking vaccines to autism and cancer and that we're all has already mentioned.
Octavia Madge: Other adverse reactions to vaccinations or people hearing that children become ill or our last to paralyze not through me vaccinated or that this idea that vaccines are made from toxic substances, for example, mercury or.
Octavia Madge: adult cells and, here are some will have the local miss beliefs and superstitions regarding.
Octavia Madge: The treatment against meatless drinking cabbage juice grabbing moonshine on the spots not cleaning the House wearing red scott's with nutrition, or are the idea that vaccines do more harm than good.
Octavia Madge: So these examples and the presence of these beliefs me and superstitions among groups of population in Romania, some of them from rural areas indicate a lower level of education and lack of health information literacy.
Octavia Madge: This population segments that seem to come falling behind us living.
Octavia Madge: In another century, such as the Middle Ages, rather than the 21st century in the digital age.
Octavia Madge: But, regardless of how well educated person is, I believe that some clarifications concerning the language used in healthcare communication are required for us.
Octavia Madge: To counteract the proliferation of health misinformation, we must first understand the language, using the medical industry, and we must teach our students, how to read the document for.
Octavia Madge: Communication but dealing with a healthcare topic, I will give you only two examples immunisation and vaccination, it is not correct to use this term immunization but considering the most recent example of it 19 getting vaccinated is not the same as the immunization.
Octavia Madge: One of my your PhD students are kept using this term in one of her projects, and despite the fact that she.
Octavia Madge: Is a very smart person and at this point, I believe we should include in our discussion, the following question, and we can think about this.
Octavia Madge: What can we do when communication from the authorities government Ministry of Health is not entirely accurate, and this leads us.
Octavia Madge: What can we do to combat official this information, for example, if we get vaccinated we get rid of covert 19 and all the restrictions, then we can go back to our previous.
Octavia Madge: And the anti puppet 19 boxing first became available, the way things were presented in various information campaigns and to boost vaccination.
Octavia Madge: Let people to assume that, by getting vaccinated they could not contract the virus, this could also be considered misleading so authorities must exercise extreme caution when they communicate.
Octavia Madge: Safe or the second example no medical procedure is safe, it might be effective, but it is not safe not 100% can say you can never know what might happen.
Octavia Madge: There are no diseases, there are only six people we don't treat diseases we treat people quietly so in medicine side of the does not exist.
Octavia Madge: In my opinion, the phrase vaccination is totally 100% safe is not appropriate students should be taught to pay attention when they read any healthcare information and decide how reliable that information is.
Octavia Madge: In healthcare, we make decisions in case of a new disease, people may begin to act irrationally and.
Octavia Madge: Another question is how to combat hysterical behavior of people in case of a healthcare crisis, and here I would like to mention this example from government involvement.
Octavia Madge: People have shown a dramatic fear of something that is not a real health threat but they ignore the things that don't threaten our health on a daily basis, lack of exercise smoking eating.
Octavia Madge: sugary foods drinking too much alcohol not wearing seatbelts people should be educated to make their healthcare decisions based on scientific evidence.
Octavia Madge: Of course we should teach our students and the general public about the tools and websites available for checking healthcare information, thank you for listening.
Octavia Madge: Any comments and questions are very welcome, thank you.
IFLA Virtual Events: wow Thank you Dr mash That was really fascinating um please do use that again the Q amp a function for your questions and for our last and final presentation i'm going to turn things over to Dr diane Pennington.
IFLA Virtual Events: to wrap things up.
Diane Pennington: hey.
Diane Pennington: Everyone see my screen and hear me okay.
IFLA Virtual Events: Yes, we can see and hear you so it looks like you're good.
IFLA Virtual Events: Great thanks.
Diane Pennington: So yes, and I have a lot to.
Diane Pennington: Go and last is always interesting to see you know what everyone is going to say before you so hopefully I can add to what i've what i've got here with them all the great presentations that we've already had today, so what i'm going to be talking about is kind of the approach of using.
Diane Pennington: Data science techniques teaching data science techniques and how we can use that to help students understand how they can.
Diane Pennington: detect and find health and wealth in this information, so I mean be talking a little bit about some.
Diane Pennington: Some of my background and some of the pedagogical ideas I have behind this as well as some examples.
Diane Pennington: of some of my students projects that they've done it at different levels of education in just in the last couple of years to kind of show.
Diane Pennington: To get people thinking about what might be possible and what else we can do to prepare students to work in this area.
Diane Pennington: This is this area of authority and health information, the authoritative information has been something i've been working on for a number of years in my research.
Diane Pennington: And this is because of my history of doing research into health information and and especially on social media.
Diane Pennington: And this, because it's really it's changed in the last several years, with the advent of social media, because there are so many more people who are able to contribute to.
Diane Pennington: The discussion about health information and we see this happening, quite often in sense of.
Diane Pennington: People making groups to support each other people who have the same condition people who can make whatever web page they want you know you know if.
Diane Pennington: You want to look for reliable health information, you know, would you look for diane's cancer page or would you look at the national institutes of health or what would you look at and so.
Diane Pennington: there's been issues with that with that with the fact that anyone can publish anything online and people can find things that are not reliable and that you know whether it's not just governments it's everyone else just putting stuff out there and, and so the issue with.
Diane Pennington: That is, is that we have a traditional notion and information science called cognitive authority, which was.
Diane Pennington: which was from Patrick Wilson, who was actually my PhD advisor his advisor and he talked about this in the sense of authoritative sources someone who has an official publication, or you know, a doctor would be the authoritative source for.
Diane Pennington: telling us what we need to do with our health or helping us make decisions but.
Diane Pennington: That is something that we've questioned myself with my colleagues in previous times that there's different kinds of authority with the changing nature of information and and how information is shared.
Diane Pennington: And we came up with this concept that was published in 2011 in the journal of the medical library association of aspect of authority in this was in relation to.
Diane Pennington: Women who write blogs about endometriosis which happens to be a health condition that I have and live with as a patient as well.
Diane Pennington: And that the idea of authority can be something different when it's somebody else who understands what it's like to live with a condition or what it feels like to get treatments or to.
Diane Pennington: You know, to people who have the same condition or maybe if you are religious person, some people find that talking to.
Diane Pennington: Their religious leaders can be helpful or there's different ways that we can get emotional support other than just the the factual medical information that our doctors might give us.
Diane Pennington: And I think when we think about what is the right information, we also need to be considering that there's just different ways of seeing the world, and this paper from.
Diane Pennington: Yvonne EDEN in 2020 from UCLA wrote about people who are conspiracy theory researchers are considered themselves researchers believe in conspiracy theories, but the the idea behind this is that it's not even necessarily the fact that.
Diane Pennington: Whether or not, you know the things that we were talking about with all of the last presentation about what some people believe vaccines do to people.
Diane Pennington: Or you know, or it could be politics, it could be anything where these conspiracy so called researchers, they call themselves that create these alternative beliefs and sometimes what i've been finding in the research from psychology is that this is really largely based on.
Diane Pennington: background history that they had some reason to miss just government or they had some reason to believe that.
Diane Pennington: Something is happening, and so they look for these alternative narratives that they can identify with because, for some reason mainstream beliefs things in the news.
Diane Pennington: They didn't they didn't trust it, for whatever reason, or they had some sort of bad experience, and so they turn to these alternative ways of seeing the world and.
Diane Pennington: I think, for us to work with these kinds of problems we have to be respectful of the fact that people see things in different ways and don't always follow the mainstream, for whatever reason.
Diane Pennington: And to keep a social media all of the different things that have had the big sites have been coming up with last couple of years.
Diane Pennington: Especially More recently, to try to fight this information related to code or anything else.
Diane Pennington: I think we also have to question as Librarians are we it's it might be helpful, but at the same time, are we censoring.
Diane Pennington: And you know I I get a little bit nervous about this because I don't mean to say that we should be.
Diane Pennington: You know, putting out wrong information, but I also think that by some of the things that Facebook and YouTube and Twitter have been doing with banning accounts.
Diane Pennington: That that makes people even more distrustful of what.
Diane Pennington: could be correct information because well why are they where are they hiding from us, why are they doing this, why are they choosing what we see and their algorithms are meant to.
Diane Pennington: push out a certain type of information that is you know, in line with the official guidance for code, for example, but.
Diane Pennington: I would, by hiding other things that makes people I think more mistrustful and more likely to believe things that are incorrect, and so I think we have to think about that, and in a balanced sense that.
Diane Pennington: There is censorship and but there's there's also helping people make the right decisions as well.
Diane Pennington: So this gets into these kinds of things, these alternative sites that are interesting if you've ever gone down into these rabbit holes of the benign YouTube video sharing sites like odyssey are bright neon or.
Diane Pennington: there's you know, several of them out there that rumbles another one that share this this video covered 19 origins revealed that spike proteins are Chinese military bio weapons designed to exterminate.
Diane Pennington: So you know with this is out there, people are going to find their own ways to get to this information, because there are you know.
Diane Pennington: These sites will say well we're doing this as a result of what we're not we don't believe in censorship so.
Diane Pennington: Anyone can post anything, and the only thing that i've seen in the last day or so is that even some of these alternative social media sites like telegram are starting to ban RT because Russia today, which is the.
Diane Pennington: You know the Russian governance news channel in because of the Ukraine war, so that is starting to happen as well, which you know, so this is something that i've been working on that, I think, can inform both.
Diane Pennington: Practice research and teaching in teaching library students and it's a model, I called pull drops and it because you know, I have to have acronyms for things right because that's what we do.
Diane Pennington: But I think that these things are all things that we need to do as professionals who practice in libraries or teach students or.
Diane Pennington: What are what our students, need to be able to do even more so than what we need from the public, which is critical thinking.
Diane Pennington: which needs to start with, you know in childhood, which I don't think we do enough of anymore we're just kind of tell kids what to believe, and then they don't they don't.
Diane Pennington: They don't develop the skills to be able to question what they see and what they read that needs to start early.
Diane Pennington: Again, going back to the idea with the conspiracy theory researchers, that we have to respect and incorporate the different ways of seeing the world because that's, the only way that we can we can come to a sense of respect, in a way to kind of.
Diane Pennington: Understand different ways of thinking and understand why they came to that way of thinking and and the idea that i've read that i'm.
Diane Pennington: Pre bunking is more effective than debunking so that once somebody believes something once somebody believes that, if they take the vaccine that's going to kill them instantly.
Diane Pennington: that's it's different from giving them education advancing and respecting and addressing any concerns that they have before all the stuff starts spreading around.
Diane Pennington: Awareness of multiple facts and opinions that not everyone sees everything the same way and mutual access and inclusive discovery tools, meaning, you know.
Diane Pennington: it's hard to avoid bias, even in you know choosing what goes into our library collections, for example, but we do need to be able to.
Diane Pennington: not have too many sources that go one way or the other in terms of political spectrum or.
Diane Pennington: This is a good source, this is a bad source, I think we need to have some words discussion about that and, ultimately, the the metal literacy that needs to be supported so information literacy computer literacy.
Diane Pennington: You know all of health literacy media literacy, all these things are really important, and even more so for our students and we have to really emphasize that in our teaching, I believe.
Diane Pennington: So what i've been doing in the last couple of years, is trying to give students data science skills and at the Masters level in my in my information library studies course it's been difficult to because.
Diane Pennington: We haven't had in person labs in two years right so.
Diane Pennington: that's something that we've been struggling with their i've been struggling with is how do you how do you do this without being a person to computer lab and teaching this kind of thing.
Diane Pennington: On zoom is really, really difficult because you can't be in person with them you can't look at their code and talk them through what they might be doing wrong.
Diane Pennington: And so what these are some things that i've been doing this was just a screenshot of a lab that just happened a couple of weeks ago, so one of my my PhD students there.
Diane Pennington: I mean his he's got a background in computer science and he loves teaching Python so we've been doing sort of live Python labs where he's codes for them and explains what he's doing as he does it and.
Diane Pennington: Give students help when they have questions and so on, we we have we have had some in person labs this semester.
Diane Pennington: But it's difficult because the room that they've put us in doesn't have a projector so they have a room of computers, which is great for them to work on, but he can't we can't do demonstrations without a projector in the labs so.
Diane Pennington: I bought a projector with my research account so that we can use the projector but it's just amazing when you try to get different things put together that.
Diane Pennington: It doesn't it's not always possible to do everything we want to do.
Diane Pennington: So just to give you examples of what some of my students have been able to do at different levels of education last summer I had a placement students from a local high school here in Glasgow.
Diane Pennington: And she was supervised by myself and two of my PhD students who whose work up i'll show you in just a minute.
Diane Pennington: So we gave her data set from extracted tweets and and gave her some basic Python training skills, and this was all virtual obviously we were all.
Diane Pennington: Doing this from our own homes, but she ultimately came up with this poster at the end of her placement, at the end of the summer.
Diane Pennington: And did some really great data analysis work with a data science techniques to look at the kit what characterizes coven misinformation on Twitter.
Diane Pennington: And she did a really, really good job with this, and she actually in her her placement session session she actually one of the best poster Award for her work here.
Diane Pennington: We also had a master's level project of my student Ryan Ennis who is not even a she's not even information science student he's actually in physical activity for health, but he worked with myself and.
Diane Pennington: My colleague who's a nutritionist to look at media messages about vitamin D and code 19 both on traditional newspapers, as well as in social media.
Diane Pennington: And what he found was that a lot of most of the Twitter information was incorrect when compared to be nice guidelines that are here in me.
Diane Pennington: It used in the UK, in terms of what vitamins you really can do in terms of.
Diane Pennington: Maybe increasing Community but doesn't it doesn't cure Kobe and lots of there's lots of information about taking way too much that wouldn't be healthy for you to take.
Diane Pennington: These kinds of things and my students Mohammed, who was one of the students who helped me with the high school students.
Diane Pennington: he's doing research, not in covert but in self harming behaviors specifically on YouTube and Twitter.
Diane Pennington: and looking at different categories of the types of videos that are posted in the kinds of comments that are being made and what we're finding is that you know some of it is helpful, so that is harmful, and sometimes we can't.
Diane Pennington: Exactly do it all in terms of you know, is there a way to classify these these comments when people are posting when they're in a crisis situation where they're actually feeling like.
Diane Pennington: They can't they can't do anything about what they're feeling like so there might be suicidal so they're posting comments on.
Diane Pennington: A self harming videos for help, some people post after they've been in recovery and all of these different things that have different reactions of different types of users and different types of videos.
Diane Pennington: My other student Fatima who worked with the high school students is doing some.
Diane Pennington: she's focusing mostly on true credibility of dementia related tweets, but we did a side project here on.
Diane Pennington: covert related information that is specifically for people with dementia and caregivers with using machine learning techniques to classify the types of users.
Diane Pennington: And the bots and so long and what kind of the influential accounts to be influential types of tweets to kind of see you know this, these were some dangerous thing wow i'm sorry my buzzer keeps going off somebody's trying to get anything but basically what we're trying to do here is.
Diane Pennington: I just stand the types of tweets that people are sharing and the ones that are the most dangerous in terms of incorrect dimension information is even more.
Diane Pennington: Complicated when it comes to code because keeping people safe cognitively who are in cognitive changes with dementia is even more difficult for them to understand why we need to follow the restrictions that we've had to follow.
Diane Pennington: And here's my last example here is a student who presented a side project is actually looking at social media recommender systems as for PhD but ship side projects i'm mask wearing.
Diane Pennington: And it was interesting culturally because she's from China, and she didn't really understand it first why, in the last week or so.
Diane Pennington: Some people are so hesitant to wear a mask because it's a regular thing to do in China, and she couldn't understand why people were resisting it, so much so she looked at.
Diane Pennington: A series of tweets from a couple of different periods with throughout earlier on in the pandemic and 2020 and did see that there was kind of an improvement in people's opinions about wearing masks.
Diane Pennington: Over time, and so she's kind of been doing that, in comparison to what was going on in the news and how bad cases were in this sort of thing that she did again some exploratory sentiment and out since an analysis of tweets to come to this so.
Diane Pennington: So yeah thanks molly have those are my dogs do different this'll they always appear and everything I ever do and they're all over social media as well.
Diane Pennington: they're not missing conditions right there really aren't my dogs so thanks, very much for your attention and I will welcome you thanks very much.
IFLA Virtual Events: Right, thank you, everybody, thank you to our five on panelists we do have two questions that haven't been answered, yet in the chat so i'm going to read those out and they're each for one of the panelists The first one is for Dr charbonneau and actually she just answered it so.
Deborah Charobonneau: yeah I just sent a few citations that might be worth exploring, and so the question was about.
Deborah Charobonneau: Looking at the funding sources of retracted studies and there have been studies that looked at the funding information for retracted articles, so I provided a few citations they might be starting places okay.
IFLA Virtual Events: Thank you.
IFLA Virtual Events: The one that we have outstanding is actually for you, Dr Pennington has there been any research done yet covering the patterns of misinformation on Cuba 19 when podcasts and that's from Cecilia burns.
Diane Pennington: Not what that i'm aware of i've just been a topic, but I don't think that we've encountered any, but I think that would be interesting if you were to analyze.
Diane Pennington: The text you know what you could do with the transcripts and so on, I think that would be very interesting, but I don't know if any but that's that's a good question thanks.
IFLA Virtual Events: Okay there's another one in the chat from amanda MINS for diane so Dr charbonneau I would really like to see a course offering to those of us in work already on information Is this something that has or can be developed.
Diane Pennington: I think that's a really good a really good idea to have one almost like a like even for continuing education, somewhere, whether it's through flow or I don't if I had some guidelines if they call about you know.
Diane Pennington: Identifying fake news for Librarians there's some guidance on the flow website and some other.
Diane Pennington: Some some sources, but I think that specifically for.
Diane Pennington: People who are working with us, I think again, we need to take a balanced approach you know we have to be just as careful as anyone else to say that.
Diane Pennington: Just because we're Librarians doesn't mean that we automatically know that this is right, and this is wrong so so that I think that that's something that we need to be careful of and also not to go too far into censorship we're also not too far into.
Diane Pennington: Making those decisions for people I think it's more complicated than it used to be when we had.
Diane Pennington: You know standardized traditional static collections and it was up to us to make those choices, but it's so so much more complicated than that now, but I think we need to consider these different issues, and you see a comment from Cecilia that that there were some information.
Diane Pennington: webinars there that's great.
IFLA Virtual Events: Yes, susilo says that the the Internet so here in the US, the national networks of libraries of medicine did have a miss information series.
IFLA Virtual Events: And those webinars are free, and I remember that I think that was last year, and it really was quite good so go and check those out if you if you can we're in the process of creating a playlist for YouTube on that topic.
Great.
IFLA Virtual Events: There wasn't one question that was answered.
IFLA Virtual Events: In the Q amp a are ready, but it was, for it was for you side day and I was wondering if you could actually maybe speak to it a little bit more so, everyone in the audience can hear your response, but.
IFLA Virtual Events: Did you find any correlations between language and health miss information and or country and how misinformation or did you study involve any comparisons between languages or countries.
IFLA Virtual Events: So I know you answered that but I think if you could maybe speak to that a little bit more, that would be helpful.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Can you hear me now.
IFLA Virtual Events: Yes, we can hear you.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Oh sorry my system is very slow, today I don't know what happened to it.
Okay.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Thank you for your question, as I said, the actually our analyzers are not completed yet, but I can say that we found that around 8% of the information for distributed by 20 countries and it's really amazing and also you know analyzes it will try to find the any connection between.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: This information, distribution and developed or non developed countries and the it will be really interesting and then next week, actually, I have a session with my.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: analyst and.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: We will try to do so, and I think.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: We will have very nice and very important information on this and the may talk about the other question also about Ai.
IFLA Virtual Events: Yes, please do so let me read it to the audience for.
IFLA Virtual Events: A question Okay, could you say a bit more about the specific ways that you think that health Librarians in particular could use Ai based on your research.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Thank you.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Actually, I can make it more simple.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: example in this regard, Ai Ai can actually help Librarians to automatically response to the emails regarding questions on has concerns to do so at database of.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: answers on code 19 concerns can be prepared and then an email is sent to a library portal, the Ai enabled system can recognize the question and automatic answer can send to the user actually.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Save the time of Librarians and also, at the same time, they can answer very, very much questions of you of the users, you know and during the press is very important because.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: patterns can rely on library services more and try to get their answers from library, instead of going to the websites and grow think are reliable resources.
IFLA Virtual Events: Sorry, thank you and thank you to Peggy zonal for those two questions.
IFLA Virtual Events: doesn't look like there any other questions in the Q amp a, let me just double check in the chat here that there aren't any there I don't see any.
IFLA Virtual Events: So I think that that will wrap us up Thank you all so much for very engaging presentation.
IFLA Virtual Events: I think you are added just a little bit of uniqueness, to the theme and, but it was still really, really, cohesive and very practical, so thank you for that.
IFLA Virtual Events: And with that said, thank you to all of our attendees, thank you for showing up this will be recorded, please look for a link to the recording on the https site and also a link to all of the presenters presentations and slides will be made available.
IFLA Virtual Events: And thank you have a nice day bye bye.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: Thank you.
Saeideh Valizadeh-Haghi: for inviting me thank you.
Deborah Charobonneau: Thank you.
IFLA Virtual Events: yeah it's pleasure.