Conceptualising the learning organisation: creating a maturity framework to develop a shared understanding of the library's role in literacy and learning

Abstract

Although they sit outside the formal education sector, libraries are intrinsically centres of learning where people can engage with knowledge and ideas and acquire the literacy skills that are essential for active participation in an increasingly digital society. In Australia, National and State Libraries Australasia (NSLA) has acknowledged the need to not only better understand the general concept of ‘the library as a learning institution’, but also to help the individual NSLA libraries specifically identify their capabilities in this arena. The NSLA Literacy and Learning project aimed to improve the members’ organisational comprehension and practice as learning institutions and to help them conceptualise their ability to deliver literacy and learning programs that will benefit their staff and their communities. The NSLA concept of ‘learning institution’ encompassed the two discrete lenses: the internal lens of the library’s own organisational understanding and practice, and the external lens of the clients who engage in the literacy and learning programs delivered by the library. The ultimate goal was to develop a matrix which could enable libraries to assess their perceived levels of maturity as learning institutions along a continuum of ‘emerging’ to ‘active’ capabilities. The matrix should also serve as a tool for shared understanding about the NSLA’s own strategic directions in the literacy and learning space. This case study documents the evolving process of developing a learning institution maturity framework for libraries that considers individual, team and organisational learning, as well as clients’ interactions with the organisation, with the goal of developing a framework that has the potential to measure the value of learning and growth in both the library’s staff and the library’s communities.
Pese a encontrarse fuera del sector de la educación formal, intrínsecamente las bibliotecas son centros de aprendizaje donde la gente puede elaborar conocimientos e ideas y adquirir destrezas de alfabetización esenciales para la participación activa en una sociedad cada vez más digital. En Australia, National and State Libraries Australasia (NSLA) no sólo ha reconocido la necesidad de comprender mejor el concepto general de ‘biblioteca como organización de aprendizaje’ sino además de ayudar a cada biblioteca de NSLA a identificar específicamente su potencial en este campo. El proyecto de Alfabetización y Aprendizaje de NSLA se centra en mejorar la comprensión y práctica organizacional de los miembros como instituciones de aprendizaje y en ayudarlos a conceptualizar su capacidad para ofrecer programa de alfabetización y aprendizaje que beneficiarán a su personal y sus comunidades. El concepto de NSLA de ‘institución de aprendizaje’ abarca los dos lentes discretos: el lente interno de la propia comprensión y práctica organizacional de la biblioteca, y el lente externo de los clientes que participan en los programas de alfabetización y aprendizaje ofrecidos por la biblioteca. El objetivo final era desarrollar una matriz que pueda permitir a las biblioteca evaluar sus niveles de madurez como instituciones de aprendizaje a lo largo de un continuo de habilidades, de ‘emergentes’ a ‘activas’. La matriz deberá servir también como una herramienta para entender uniformemente las direcciones estratégicas propias de NSLA en el espacio de alfabetización y aprendizaje. Este estudio de caso documenta el proceso evolutivo de desarrollar un marco operativo de madurez para bibliotecas como instituciones de aprendizaje, que considere el aprendizaje individual, de equipo, y organizacional, así como las interacciones de los clientes con la organización, con el objetivo de desarrollar una estructura que tenga el potencial de medir el valor del aprendizaje y crecimiento tanto del personal de la biblioteca como de las comunidades de la biblioteca

Description

Keywords

Citation

ACT Libraries. (2013). Gungahlin Library. Retrieved from http://www.library.act.gov.au/how_to_use_the_library/library_locations_and_opening_hours/gungahlin_library_photo_gallery Arabito, S. (2004). Academic libraries as learning organizations: A review of the literature. Retrieved from http://eprints.rclis.org/11715/ Armstrong, A., & Foley, P. (2003). Foundations for a learning organization: organization learning mechanisms. The Learning Organization, 10(2), 74–82. Australian Institute for Teaching and School Leadership (AITSL). (2012). Australian professional standards for teachers. AITSL. Retrieved from http://www.teacherstandards.aitsl.edu.au/ Barnett, R., & Coate, K. (2005). Engaging the curriculum in higher education. Maidenhead: Open University Press. Bennett, J. K., & O’Brien, M. J. (1994). The building blocks of the learning organization. Training, 31(6), 41–49. Calvert, G., Mobley, S., & Marshall, L. (1994). Grasping the learning oganization. Training & Development, 48(6), 38–43. Campbell, T., & Cairns, H. (1994). Developing and measuring the learning organization: from buzz words to behaviours. Industrial and Commercial Training, 26(7), 10–15. Chinowsky, P., Molenaar, K., & Realph, A. (2007). Learning organizations in construction. Journal of Management in Engineering, 23(1), 27–34. Conference Board of Canada. (n.d.). Learning performance index: Measuring your organization’s learning ability. Conference Board of Canada. Retrieved from http://www.confernceboard.ca/topics/humanresource/lpi/default.aspx Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR). (2009). Early years learning framework: Belonging, being and becoming. DEEWR. Retrieved from http://foi.deewr.gov.au/system/files/doc/other/belonging_being_and_becoming_the_early_years_learning_framework_for_australia.pdf Eaton, S. (2010). Formal, non-formal and informal learning: What are the differences? Literacy, languages and leadership. Retrieved from http://drsaraheaton.wordpress.com/2010/12/31/formal-non-formal-and-informal-learning-what-are-the-differences/ Fowler, R. K. (1998). The university library as learning organisation for innovation: an exploratory study. College & Research Libraries, 59(3), 220–231. Garavan, T. (1997). The learning organization: a review and evaluation. The Learning Organization, 4(1), 18–29. Gardiner, P., & Whiting, P. (1997). Success factors in learning organizations: an empirical study. Industrial and Commercial Training, 29(2), 41–48. Garvin, D.A., Edmonson, A. C., & Gino, F. (2008). Is yours a learning organization? Harvard Business Review, 86(3), 109–116. Garvin, D.A. (1993). Building a learning organization. Harvard Business Review, 71(4), 78–91. Giesecke, J., & McNeil, B. (2004). Transitioning to the learning organization. University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libraryscience/5 Hayes, R. H., Wheelwright, S. C., & Clark, K. B. (1988). Dynamic manufacturing: creating the learning organization. New York: The Free Press. Institute of Museums and Library Services (ILMS). (2009). Museums, libraries and 21st century skills. ILMS. Retrieved from http://www.imls.gov/about/21st_century_skills_home.aspx Jain, P., & Mutula, S. (2006). Libraries as learning organisations: implications for knowledge management. Library Hi Tech News, 25(8), 10–14. Jones, A. M., & Hendry, C. (1992). The learning organization: a review of literature and practice. London: HRD Partnership. Lessem, R. (1990). Developmental management: principles of holistic business. Oxford: Blackwell. Mallon, D., Clarey, J., & Vickers, M. (2012, August 29). The High-Impact Learning Organization maturity model. Bersin & Associates. Retrieved from www.bersin.com/Practice/Deatail.aspx?id=15757 Marcum, J. (1996). Can the college library become a learning organization? Advances in Library Administration and Organization, 14, 39–62. Marsick, V. J., & Watkins, R. E. (2003). Demonstrating the value of an organization’s learning culture: the Dimensions of the Learning Organization Questionnnaire. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 5(2), 132–151. Museums, Libraries and Archives Council (MLA). (2008). Inspiring learning: An improvement framework for museums, libraries, and archives. MLA. Retrieved from http://www.inspiringlearningforall.gov.uk/learning/ National and State Libraries Australasia (NSLA). (n.d.). Memorandum of understanding. NSLA. Retrieved from http://www.nsla.org.au/memorandum-understanding National and State Libraries Australasia (NSLA). (2007). The Big Bang: Creating the new library universe. NSLA. Retrieved from http://www.nsla.org.au/sites/www.nsla.org.au/files/publications/NSLA.Discussion-Paper-The.Big_.Bang_200707.pdf National and State Libraries Australasia (NSLA). (2008). Re-imagining library services: Strategic plan. NSLA. Retrieved from http://www.nsla.org.au/sites/www.nsla.org.au/files/publications/NSLA.Discussion-Paper-Reimagining.Library.Services.Strategic.Plan_200807.pdf National and State Libraries Australasia (NSLA). (2011). Project mandate: Literacy and Learning Project Group. NSLA. Retrieved from http://www.nsla.org.au/sites/www.nsla.org.au/files/publications/NSLA.LiteracyLearning_ProjectMandate_201110.pdf National and State Libraries Australasia (NSLA). (2012a). Re-imagining libraries 2012-2016. NSLA. Retrieved from http://www.nsla.org.au/sites/www.nsla.org.au/files/publications/NSLA.Reimagining_Libraries_2012-2016_strategic_plan.pdf National and State Libraries Australasia (NSLA). (2012b). Position statement on literacy and learning. NSLA. Retrieved from http://www.nsla.org.au/publication/position-statement-literacy-and-learning National and State Libraries Australasia (NSLA). (2012c). NSLA Literacy and Learning Group Work Package 3: Matrix brief. NSLA (Unpublished). Nthurubele, A. T. (2011). Facilitating a learning organization: The case of a small consulting firm (Master’s thesis). University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch. O’Neil, J. (2003). Participant’s guide for interpreting results of the Dimensions of the Learning Organization Questionnaire. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 5(2), 222–230. OECD. (n.d.). Recognition of non-formal and informal learning. OECD. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/edu/skills-beyond-school/recognitionofnon-formalandinformallearning-home.htm Pearn, M., & Mulrooney, C. (1995). Tools for a learning organisation (Vols. 1-4). London: Institute of Personnel and Development. Pearn, M., Roderick, C., & Mulrooney, C. (1995). Learning organizations in practice. London: McGraw-Hill. Pedlar, M., Burgoyne, J., & Boydell, T. (1991). The learning company. Maidenhead: McGraw-Hill. Pedlar, M., Burgoyne, J., & Boydell, T. (1997). The learning company: A strategy for sustainable development (2nd ed.). London: McGraw-Hill. Phillips, B. T. (2003). A four-level learning organisation benchmark implementation model. The Learning Organization, 10(2), 98–105. Rheingold, H. (2012). Syllabus: Social media literacies. MIT Press. Retrieved from http://mitpress.mit.edu/files/rheingoldsyllabus.pdf Riggs, D. E. (1997). A commitment to making the library a learning organization. College and Research Library News, 58(4), 297–298. Rowley, J. (1997). The library as a learning organization. Library Management, 18(2), 88–91. Schumpeter, J. A. (1942). Capitalism, socialism and democracy. London: Routledge. Senge, P. (1990). The fifth discipline: the art and practice of the learning organization. New York: Doubleday. Senge, P. (2006). The fifth discipline: the art and practice of the learning organization (Rev ed.). Milsons Point. NSW: Random House. Skyrme, D. (2010). K-Briefing: The learning organization. The learning organization. Retrieved 22 April 2013, from http://www.skyrme.com/kmbriefings/3lrnorg.htm Slater, S. F., & Narver, J. C. (1995). Market orientation and the learning organization. Journal of Marketing, 59(3), 63–74. Sutherland, S. (2003). The public library as a learning organisation. Presented at the World Library and Information Congress: 69th IFLA General Conference and Council, Berlin. Retrieved from http://archive.ifla.org/IV/ifla69/papers/111e-Sutherland.pdf Tan, M., & Higgins, S. E. (2002). NTU (Nanyang Technological University) Library as a learning organisation. Libri, 52, 169–182. Watkins, R. E., & Marsick, V. J. (1997). Dimensions of the learning organization. Warwick, RI: Partners for the Learning Organization. Wittkopf, B. (1995). Is your library a learning organization? Research Strategies, 13(1), 2–3. Worrell, D. (1995). The learning organization: management theory for the information age or new age fad? Journal of Academic Librarianship, 21(5), 351–357.