K-Library Led by Seoul Metropolitan Library: Innovation in Library Space

Abstract

The Seoul Outdoor Library is an innovative library model that Seoul Metropolitan Library (SML) has operated since 2022. By transforming Seoul Plaza, Gwanghwamun Square, and Cheonggyecheon Stream in the heart of the city into a "The buildingless library," it expands library services beyond indoors into outdoor public spaces. It redefines the traditional concept of a library as a groundbreaking new model that operates year-round rather than as a temporary event. As the city's flagship library, SML has developed this initiative into the world’s first and largest outdoor library, welcoming 8 million cumulative visitors by 2025 and leading a new shift in public library services. Furthermore, it leads in raising environmental awareness for sustainable development. In fact, entire initiative originated from the very idea of creating an outdoor library at the plaza to help citizens connect with nature and appreciate environmental values.

The library also reshapes public perceptions by offering unique outdoor infeasible indoors, inviting all ages to share experiences amid Seoul’s living culture and history. Moreover, it serves as a vital platform for social connection and policy engagement through strong collaboration with multi-sector partners. Ultimately, this establishes a new "K‑Library" model - an innovative milestone for sustainable library services responding to a changing world.